“No material is itself durable or non-durable, it is the interaction of the material with its in-service environment that determines its durability” – says a well-known concrete technologist Larry Masters. The three important steps that ensure adequate durability of concrete in-service are:

• Compliance with current standards of good practice during construction.
• The use of new and improved materials and innovative construction systems designed for increased durability at competitive costs.
• Provision of protection to existing undamaged structure against adverse environments.

These factors can be mainly grouped under four principle categories

• Construction practices,
• Design,
• Material characteristics,
• Exposure conditions.